There is no religion. At least in the relationship between voters and parties. The vote is no longer an act of faith, that is replicated from time to time, to confirm their identity and their belonging to a system of values, in an associative network and world relations. We knew for some time, but never appeared as obvious as in these regional elections in Emilia-Romagna and Calabria. Two different and opposite ideal types, we had written.
The Emilia Romagna, permanently “red”, left. Thanks to the links between the Left parties – Communist and post-Communist – and society. Calabria, unstable and fragmented, in terms of social and voting behavior. This time they exchanged orientation and position. For the first time in the history of the Republic, Calabria is more “red” Emilia Romagna. In Calabria, Mario Oliverio, candidate of the center, won with 61% of the valid votes. While Stefano Bonaccini, also nominated by the center, in Emilia Romagna, was elected governor with 49%.
TABLES AND CHARTS
For the first time, also, the voter turnout was higher in Calabria in Emilia Romagna. But, perhaps, would agree to say “not low”. In fact, the turnout, in Calabria, has reached 44%, almost two points less than the European last May, but less than 15 of the Regional Fair of 2010. However, to overcome the Emilia Romagna region, where the share of voters, on this occasion, has collapsed under the 38%. And, therefore, 32 points below the recent European and 30 unless the Regional 2010. The Emilia Romagna, therefore, is no longer “red”. No longer has an identity widespread, giving a political color to the territory. Of course, the change of epoch had already happened in the past. First and foremost, in Bologna, in 1999, when George Guazzaloca was elected mayor, the head of a coalition of center-right. But he was caught in 2012, in Parma, where, at the municipal, Federico Pizzarotti was elected mayor, the lists of the M5s. But this time is different. Why has not happened any turnaround. The candidate of the center, Stefano Bonaccini, won wide, touching the absolute majority of voters. Leaving a great distance challengers. The League’s Alan Fabbri, leaders of the center-right (about 30%) and the exponent of the M5s, Giulia Gibertoni, just above 13%. Yet today, more than of his victory, he speaks of the abstention. And he is a governor in half. Weakened by the advance of the non-voting. That many voters have used it as a “vote”. A sign of dissent or detachment.
The analyzes electoral Cattaneo conducted by the Institute of Bologna – limited to the city of Parma – it is clear, in fact, that, compared to the European vote, the flow to the abstention has involved primarily the Pd (over 15%). But not only. Why has affected to a much heavier also M5s: 8%. And, marginally (1-2%), other parties, from the right (Ncd, Fi, Ln) to the left (Sel). This signals the importance taken by the feeling of detachment toward politics. Emphasized, in Emilia Romagna, the ties between the Party and society.
In recent years, on the other hand, the failure of the hinterland of the Left had already emerged, evident. In particular, in the general election of 2013, when the M5s had eroded the Red Zone. Then, the Democratic Party, in Emilia Romagna, had obtained a “modest” (for the traditions of the region) 37%. Going, however, to 53% in the European elections a few months ago. Thanks to the contribution “staff” of Renzi. A-ideological and alien to the tradition of the Communist and post-Communist. Far from the myths and references of the left – historical. Now “victims” (to quote an essay by Edmund Berson, deep knowledge of the defects of the left and Emilia).
If the European the Democratic Party and the post-Pd were aggregated around Renzi, this time came into conflict. And if a few voters have abandoned the Democratic Party for another party, many have simply given up on voting. However, this did not dis-integrated PD (R). It has, however, achieved 44% – that is, four points more than in 2010 (despite losing 300 000 votes). While the new governor, Bonaccini, stopped at just 3 points from Errani. This election, if anything, emphasizes the end of a political era insignia of membership. Of the vote as “faith” rooted in the territory.
A transition period stressed the elections of 2013 and the European May. When the M5s and PD (R) achieved consensus distributed throughout the national territory. Evenly. So, this time, the same League, the party land par excellence, has achieved something very important: 19.4%. But not fall below 15% in any province. Even in Bologna and Rimini. FI, however, collapsed everywhere. Reduced to less than half of the League. (And in Calabria stopped at 12%.) A “party staff”, unable to survive the decline of the Cape, Berlusconi. Overshadowed by the alliance with a leader, Salvini, more visible and younger than him. Another sign of this transition period. That does not guarantee more certainties. As in other representative democracies. So, we should get used – or, at least, resign – to consider the vote a right, not an obligation. And to evaluate the abstention, non-voting, not as a disease of democracy. But a choice – or a non-choice. Because today “there is no religion.” Voting is no longer considered a moral and social. Reflection of an identity. And every election becomes a competition open. To win, you have to offer voters good reasons to vote for a party or a candidate. But, before that, to vote.
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